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Why borders are less fixed than you think

On the map, the Netherlands seems neatly outlined. A clear border separates us from Belgium and Germany. But how did that line come about? And is it really as fixed as we think?

Photo of Carlijn van den Heuvel
Carlijn van den Heuvel

In this video by Universiteit van Nederland, cartographer Menno-Jan Kraak from the University of Twente explains how the Dutch border took shape over the centuries. He shows how historical choices, political agreements and practical solutions led to unusual border situations. One example is Baarle, where the border runs straight through streets, shops and even houses.

From map to reality

Borders may look fixed, but they are not always as permanent as they seem. In 2016, the Netherlands changed its border with Belgium. And there is still a border dispute with Germany. How is that possible? And why does Google Maps not look the same everywhere in the world?

Menno-Jan shows that maps are more than lines and colours. They tell stories about power, history, technology and the way we organise the world around us.

Watch the video by Universiteit van Nederland and discover how strange, changeable and fascinating the Dutch border really is.

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